All vehicles are equipped with catalytic converters to reduce the amount of harmful substances emitted into the atmosphere with exhaust gases.
The inlet and outlet cones with pipes and mounting flanges, as well as heat reflectors that hold the ceramic lining, are welded to the neutralizer body, made of stainless steel. The entire internal volume of the housing is occupied by a ceramic porous monolith-catalyst, fixed with rings or a stainless steel mesh. The catalyst is a filter in which the entire internal and external surface of the pores in contact with gases is covered with a very thin layer of an alloy containing platinum, rhodium and palladium. The porous catalyst has a large surface area covered with this alloy of very expensive metals, which is what mainly determines the high price of catalytic converters.
The catalyst causes a reaction that converts potentially hazardous hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide in the exhaust gases into harmless gases and water vapor.
Replace the catalytic converter as follows:
- to make it easier to loosen the nuts that connect the catalytic converter, first soak them in a fluid that loosens the connections;
Figure 7.31. Catalytic converter on pre-2001 models: 1 – right support of the exhaust manifold; 2 – retainer; 3 – pillow; 4 – gasket; 5 – gasket; 6 – gasket; 7 – exhaust inlet pipe; 8 – thermal insulation; 9 – oxygen sensor (block 1, sensor 2); 10 – front part of the catalytic converter; 11 – thermal insulation; 12 – right engine casing; 13 – oxygen sensor (block 1, sensor 2); 14 – front part of the catalytic converter with thermal insulation
Figure 7.32. Catalytic converter on models since 2001: 1 – upper thermal insulation; 2 – lower thermal insulation No. 1; 3 – gasket; 4 – air-fuel mixture sensor (block 1, sensor 1); 5 – oxygen sensor (block 1, sensor 2); 6 – exhaust manifold support; 7 – exhaust manifold support; 8 – lower thermal insulation No. 2; 9 – oxygen sensor (block 2, sensor 2); 10 – exhaust manifold with catalytic converter; 11 – air-fuel mixture sensor (block 2, sensor 1)
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- remove the nuts and separate the catalytic converter from the exhaust system (figure 7.31, 7.32).
Installation is carried out in the reverse order of removal.