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Toyota Kaldina (1992-2007)
Toyota Caldina - medium size car (D-segment), produced from 1992 to 2007 by the Japanese automaker «Toyota Motor». Designed only for the Japanese market and replaced the sedans «Carina» and «Corona» and was produced only with a five-door station wagon body. Front transverse engine with front-wheel drive or symmetrical all-wheel drive «All-Trac». Thanks to the large interior space and all-wheel drive, the car has become popular outside of Japan. In 2007 _ his replaced «Avensis».
First generation (T190, 1992-1997)
After the advent of the ninth generation «Corona» a five-door station wagon or commercial van body was moved to a separate model with the same chassis code «T190». The wheelbase was 2580 mm, length 4545 mm, width 1695 mm, height 1450 mm and curb weight 1220 kg. The station wagon has an independent spring rear suspension, while the van has leaf springs. Ventilated disc brakes on the front wheels, drum brakes on the rear wheels.
Petrol engines were only four-cylinder with fuel injection system of the following characteristics:
- 1.5 liters (1497 cm3, 5E-FE) 110 hp
- 1.8 liters (1838 cm3, 4S-FE) 113 hp
- 1.8 liters (1762 cm3, 7A-FE) 118 hp
- 2.0 liters (1998 cm3, 3S-FE) 135 hp
- 2.0 liters (1998 cm3, 3S-GE) 175 hp
There were also three models of 2.0-liter diesel engines (1974 cm3, 2C, I4, SOHC, 73 hp), 2.0 liters (1974 cm3, I4, SOHC, turbocharged, 88 hp) and 2.2 liters (2184 cm3, 3C-E, I4, SOHC, 79 hp). The gear box was a four-speed automatic or a five-speed manual.
In 1995, a minor update of the model was carried out.
Second generation (T210, 1997-2002)
In mid-1997, the second generation was released in Japan with the chassis code «T210». Vehicles with all-wheel drive are designated «ST215». Based on the same platform as sedans «Allion and Premium». The exterior design has changed quite a bit, as has the interior. The body is only a five-door station wagon with a wheelbase of 2580 mm, a length of 4520 mm, a width of 1695 mm, a height of 1495 mm and a curb weight of 1410 kg. Four-wheel drive has become automatically connected on all-wheel drive vehicles.
All engines were installed four-cylinder in-line. There were four petrol models with a volume of 1.8 liters (1762 cm3, 7A-FE, 120 hp), 2.0 liters (1998 cm3, 3S-FE, 135 hp), 2.0 liters (1998 cm3, 3S-GE, 175 hp) and 2.0 liters (1998 cm3, 3S-GTE, turbocharged, 256 hp), all with electronic fuel injection. Gasoline engines were two models of 2.0 liters (1974 cm3, 2C-T, 88 hp) and 2.2 liters (2184 cm3, 3C-TE, 126 hp), all turbocharged. The gearbox was a five-speed manual «E150F» or four-speed automatic «U140F».
In 2000, the model was updated. Changed the bumper, headlights and interior.
Third generation (T240, 2002-2007)
In September 2002, the third and last generation of Kaldina appeared with the code «T240». The body of the five-door station wagon is completely new and has nothing to do with European counterparts. The wheelbase was 2700 mm, length 4510 mm, width 1740 mm, height 1445 mm and curb weight 1240-1490 kg.
Engines were presented only four-cylinder gasoline of the following parameters - 1.8 liters (1794 cm3, 1ZZ-FE, 140 hp), 2.0 liters (1998 cm3, 1AZ-FSE, 147 hp) and 2.0 liters (1998 cm3, 3S-GTE, turbocharged, 256 hp). Transmission only four-speed automatic, including «Tiptronic».
In 2005, the model was restyled. Production of the third generation ended in mid-2007 with no real successor.
Toyota Duet (1998-2004)
Toyota Duet is an urban subcompact Japanese car that was produced from 1998 to 2004. Also, a similar car was produced by Daihatsu, which is owned by Toyota - Daihatsu Storia with right-hand drive and Daihatsu Sirion with left-hand drive. Factory code M100. The engine is located at the front with front-wheel drive, there were also models with all-wheel drive. The body is made in the form of a five-door hatchback and, despite the small size of the car, it is quite spacious inside for its class. Body length was 3660 mm, width 1600 mm, height 1450 mm, wheelbase 2370 mm, curb weight 820 kg.
The equipment of this small car is quite rich. There are front airbags, power mirrors with automatic folding, power windows for all doors, air conditioning, driver's seat height adjustment and other features available in vehicles of a class above. The Storia/Duet received a facelift in 2000, with most of the changes being made to the front of the car, most notably the grille design, and the instrument panel being significantly redesigned.
The car was equipped only with gasoline engines - three-cylinder 1.0-liter (989 cm3, 54/60/64 hp) and four-cylinder in-line with a volume of 1.3 liters (1297 cm3, 90/110 hp). The gearbox was a five-speed manual and a four-speed automatic.
In early 2005, sales were discontinued as the car was replaced by the Toyota Passo subcompact.
Toyota Dune (1959-present)
Toyota Dyna - A range of medium-duty trucks produced since 1959 by the Japanese company Toyota. A lighter variant offered in Europe as the Dyna 100 is sold in Japan under the name ToyoAce. After Daihatsu's merger with Toyota in 1967, the Dyna was also sold as the Daihatsu Delta from 1970 to 2003, since 1999 it is also available as the Hino Dutro. Hino is part of the Toyota Group. The following models are available - flatbed trucks with one or two cabs, chassis for superstructures, vans and minibuses. All-wheel drive is optionally available. Its traditional competitors are Isuzu Elf, Mitsubishi Fuso Canter and Nissan Atlas.
Platform Toyopet Route Truck RK52 appeared in 1956 and it began to produce cars Toyopet Toyoace SKB. Second generation with codes RK60-RK80 was developed by Kanto Auto Works. In April 1959, the car was renamed the Toyota Dyna. In 1963, the K170 series appeared with a 1.9-liter gasoline engine. In addition to the truck, the Toyota RK170B bus was created on its basis. In 1964, a 2.3-liter diesel engine and a long-wheelbase RK175 truck with twin rear wheels and a shuttle van appeared.
After the merger with Hino Motors in 1966, a new Toyota platform appeared «U» and the Toyota Dyna truck series U10. The heart of this series were 2.0-liter four-cylinder petrol engines (5R), as well as diesel in-line four-cylinders with a volume of 3.0 liters (B) and six-cylinder with a volume of 3.6 liters (H). There were versions with the usual (U10) and elongated (U15) wheelbase with single or twin rear wheels. Also on this platform in 1969 appeared a minibus with the name Toyota Coaster and a heavy Massy Dyna truck (QC10) with a loading capacity of 3.5 tons. A modified version of the Dyna U10 was also sold as the first generation Daihatsu Delta 1500 or 2000. Smaller Toyota ToyoAce series Y10 with a load capacity of 1 to 1.5 tons was introduced in 1971. In Europe, later versions of this model are called Dyna 100.
In 1977, a series appeared U20 is a four wheel truck (with a carrying capacity of 2-3 tons) and a passenger minivan, the U30 is a longer wheelbase version, while the U40 and U50 are heavier and have a wider cab. These cars were equipped with four-cylinder in-line engines - diesel engines with a volume of 3.0 liters (B) and 2.0 liter petrol (5R). This model was also sold as the Daihatsu Delta with a payload of 1.5 to 2.5 tons, but was also sold with the Hino badge for the first time - as the Ranger 2 or Ranger 3. New smaller ToyoAce with chassis Y20 was released in 1979 while Dyna was still using the platform «U». In 1984, Toyota introduced the Dyna Rino. A light version with one rear wheel was built on a platform Y30, and the version with twin rear wheels received the code Y40. At first they had 3.4 liter diesel engines (3B/13B), later it was increased to 3.7 liters (14V).
Series U60-U90 with a carrying capacity of 2-3.5 tons appeared in 1984 (Dyna 200/300/400). Four-wheel drive was now also available in Europe. At first, there were four round headlights in front, in 1989 the headlights were made square. Diesel engines remained from the previous series - 3.4 liters (3B/13B) and 3.7 liters (14V). The gearbox is mechanical 5-speed and for the first time a 4-speed automatic was installed. Series Y50 and Y60 with a carrying capacity of 1-1.5 tons appeared in 1985 (Dyna 100/150). These cars used 2.4 liter four-cylinder diesel engines (2L) and 2.0 liter petrol engines (3Y).
Sixth generation Dyna with codes U100, U200 and Y100 was introduced in 1995. ABS became standard on all versions and a driver's airbag became available as an option. The diesel engine has become a volume of 5.3 liters (J05C) with direct fuel injection, gasoline were 16-valve with a volume of 4.1 liters (15B-F,) and 2.7 liters (3RZ-FE). The exterior and interior design of the cab has been heavily updated. In 1997, a new type of cab was added called the Super Low Cab, which was moved forward 690mm and the floor was lowered 81mm.
In 1999, the seventh generation Dyna was introduced with codes U300 and U400, which is also sold under the Hino Dutro brand (U300 for standard cab and U400 for wide cab). These models continued to use the Dyna 100, 150, 200, 250, 300 and 350 designations for their payload capacity. The appearance has been greatly changed, the quality of the interior as well as the dashboard have been improved and made more ergonomic. Dual airbags became standard. The engines remained the same, only turbocharging was added to the diesel. In 2000, a 2.0 liter petrol engine was added. In 2002, noise isolation was improved and exhaust gas recirculation was introduced. There was also a version of a gasoline engine running on natural gas (LPG). A 4.0 liter diesel engine was added in 2003 (N04C) with the Common Rail system and a hybrid model appeared. In 2006, the 2 and 4 ton engines were upgraded to comply with low exhaust emission regulations. In 2007, a 2.7-liter diesel was added.
In 2011, the eighth generation of the series was introduced U600 (standard cab) And U800 (wide cab). The appearance has changed quite a lot, the quality of the interior has improved. In hybrid models, a 4.0 liter diesel engine (N04C) 150 hp was connected to a 49 hp electric motor, which also serves as a starter. All diesels have a common rail injection system. Gasoline engines are presented with a volume of 2.7 liters (2TR-FE), and on liquefied natural gas with a volume of 4.1 liters (BZ-FPE). A new 5-speed automatic transmission was introduced.