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Toyota Carina - compact car (C-segment according to the European classification), produced from 1970 to 2001 by the largest Japanese automotive corporation «Toyota Motor». «Carina» was presented to the public at the seventeenth Tokyo Motor Show in September 1970. The car was created as a little brother «Corona» to attract younger buyers and had a sportier design. Name «Karina» descended from the constellation Keel (in Latin Carina) in the southern hemisphere of the sky. In 2000, this car was replaced in Japan «Allion» (see description below), and in Europe it was replaced «Avensis».
The main competitors and classmates of Toyota Carina were cars Ford Focus, Chevrolet Cruze, Honda Civic, Hyundai Elantra, Kia Ceed, Opel Astra, Peugeot 301, Skoda Octavia, Seat Leon, Subaru Impreza, Suzuki SX4, Mitsubishi Lancer, Mazda 3, Nissan Almera, Renault Fluence and Volkswagen Golf
First generation (A10/A30, 1970-1977)
In December 1970, the first generation of Karina appeared in Japan, and in Europe in October 1971. This car stood between the smaller «Corolla» And more _ _ «Corona». Based on a sports car platform «Celica», which began to be released also in December 1970. Features included reclining seats with integrated head restraints, radio, clock, reversing lights and brake booster. The body was a two- and four-door sedan, five-door station wagon and two-door coupe with a folding hardtop. The length of the car was 4135-4200 mm, width 1570 mm, height 1395 mm and curb weight 960 kg.
Engines were used only four-cylinder petrol of the following parameters:
- 1.4 liters (1407 cm3, T) 86 hp
- 1.6 liters (1588 cm3, 2T) 102 hp
- 1.6 liters (1588 cm3, 12T) 88 hp
- 1.8 liters (1808 cm3, 16R) 103 hp
- 2.0 liters (1968 cm3, 18R) 105 hp
- 2.0 liters (1968 cm3, 19R) 79 hp
The transmission was a two- or three-speed automatic, as well as a four- or five-speed manual.
In October 1975, the front and rear of the car were updated, they also began to install a dual-line brake system, a handbrake and a gear lever in a modified dashboard. In December 1975, a van body appeared.
Second generation (A40, 1977-1981)
In August 1977, the second generation came out in Japan with the chassis code «A40». Body styles were a four-door sedan, a two-door hardtop coupe, and a five-door station wagon. The van was produced on the chassis of the first generation. Station wagon with a strong spring rear suspension for the first time began to be exported to other countries. The length of the car was 4230-4270 mm, width 1630 mm, height 1390-1425 mm and curb weight 945-995 kg. Production was carried out only in Japan.
Fuel injection was available as an option on top level models. The engines were only four-cylinder gasoline:
- 1.4 liters (1407 cm3, T-J) 79 hp
- 1.6 liters (1588 cm3, 2T) 102 hp
- 1.6 liters (1588 cm3, 12T-U) 88 hp
- 1.8 liters (1770 cm3, 13T-U) 94 hp
- 1.8 liters (1770 cm3, 3T-EU) 105 hp
- 2.0 liters (1973 cm3, 21R-U) 105 hp
- 2.0 liters (1968 cm3, 18R-GEU, DOHC) 133 hp
Gearboxes were the same as the first generation.
In 1980, the car was updated - they changed the front and rear exterior design, headlights, and also improved the interior. In January 1980, they released a sports sedan called «Celica Camry» 4445 mm long.
Third generation (A60, 1981-1988)
The third generation of Karina with the code «A60» appeared in September 1981. The exterior design became more angular following the automotive fashion of those years. Drive was still rear-wheel driven despite the transition to front-wheel drive by other automakers in the early 1980s. The body was a four-door sedan with a length of 4385 mm, a width of 1650 mm, a height of 1365 mm and a curb weight of 995-1135 kg, a two-door coupe and a five-door van. In February 1982, a five-door station wagon body appeared with the name «Carina Surf».
Petrol engines were four-cylinder of the following parameters:
- 1.5 liters (1452 cm3, 3A-U, SOHC) 82 hp
- 1.5 liters (1486 cm3, 5K-J, OHV) 82 hp
- 1.6 liters (1587 cm3, 4A-GEU, DOHC) 112 hp
- 1.6 liters (1588 cm3, 2T-GEU, DOHC) 125 hp
- 1.6 liters (1588 cm3, 12T, OHV) 88 hp
- 1.8 liters (1770 cm3, 3T-EU, OHV) 105 hp
- 1.8 liters (1770 cm3, 3T-GTE, OHV, turbo) 160 hp
- 1.8 liters (1770 cm3, 13T, OHV) 94 hp
- 1.8 liters (1832 cm3, 1S-U, SOHC) 100 hp
For the first time, a 1.8-liter diesel engine was installed (1839 cm3, 1C, SOHC) 64 hp. The transmission was a four- or five-speed manual, as well as a three- or four-speed automatic.
In May 1983, the sedans underwent an update. Changed the grille and rear lights, added external rear-view mirrors with electric drive. In August 1983, the van was slightly updated.
Fourth generation (T150/T160, 1984-1988)
In May 1984, a four-door front-wheel drive sedan was released «Carina FF» m chassis code «T150». The exterior design was similar to the previous generation with rectangular headlights. The length of the car was 4350 mm, width 1670 mm, height 1365 mm and curb weight 950 kg. Two-door coupe, station wagon «Carina Surf» and the van continued to use the previous platform «Toyota "A"» rear wheel drive. All these bodies were gradually replaced by new ones due to good demand for them. In the European market, closely related «Corona (T150)» sold as «Carina II».
Engines were installed four-cylinder. Petrol were the following volumes - 1.5 liters (14525 cm3, 3A-LU, DOHC, 83 hp), 1.6 liters (1587 cm3, 4A-ELU, SOHC, 100 hp) and 1.8 liters (1832 cm3, 1S-iLU, SOHC, 105 hp). The diesel engine was one 2.0 liter (1974 cm3, 2C-L, SOHC, 72 hp). The transmission was a three- or four-speed automatic, as well as a four- or five-speed manual.
In August 1985, a four-door hardtop coupe appeared «Carina ED» with chassis code «ST160». This is a car with an emphasis on luxury, but the dimensions do not go beyond 4700x1700 mm, so as not to pay a large vehicle tax in Japan.
In May 1986, minor updates affected all cars of the Karina brand.
Fifth generation (T170, 1988-1992)
In May 1988, the fifth generation was introduced with the code «T170». The exterior design has become more rounded following the automotive fashion of the late 80s. The body was a four-door sedan, as well as a five-door station wagon (Surf) and van (Van), which are fully technically updated to sedan level and are based on the platform «Toyota "T"». The length of the car was 4380 mm, width 1690 mm, height 1370 mm and curb weight 1060 kg. In December 1988, a model with an all-wheel drive system with a center differential was added.
Gasoline engines were installed only four-cylinder in-line 1.5-liter (1456 cm3, 5A-F/5A-FE, DOHC, 85/94 hp), 1.6 liters (1587 cm3, 4A-FE/4A-FHE, DOHC, 100/110 hp), 1.6 liters (1587 cm3, 4A-GE, DOHC, turbocharged, 140 hp) and 1.8 liters (1838 cm3, 4S-FI, DOHC, 105 hp). Letter «E» in engine model means electronic fuel injection «EFI». There was also one 2.0 liter diesel engine (1974 cm3, 2C, SOHC, 73 hp). Gearbox 5-speed manual or 4-speed automatic.
In May 1990, minor updates were made to the model. Commercial vans were produced until March 1992, which were replaced by «Corona Caldina». For the European market «Corona T170» continued to sell as «Carina II». Second generation «Carina ED» with chassis code «ST180» appeared in 1989 with more luxurious content and electronic fuel injection on all engines.
Sixth generation (T190, 1992-1996)
In December 1992, the sixth generation appeared with the code «T190» with the title «Carina E». The car is based on a platform «Toyota "T"» and was produced in the UK for European markets and was identical to the Japanese «Corona» ninth generation. The body was only a four-door sedan with a length of 4450 mm, a width of 1695 mm, a height of 1400 mm and a curb weight of 1150 kg. Also in production was the third and final generation of the four-door hardtop coupe «Carina ED» with chassis code «ST200», which was discontinued in 1998.
Petrol four-cylinder engines were 1.5 liters (1498 cm3, 5A-FE, 105 hp), 1.6 liters (1587 cm3, 4A-FE, 105 hp), 1.8 liters (1838 cm3, 4S-FE, 125 hp) and 2.0 liters (1998 cm3, 3S-FE, 135 hp). The diesel engine was 2.0 liters (1974 cm3, 2C, SOHC) 73 hp. The gearbox was a five- or six-speed manual, as well as a four-speed automatic.
In August 1994, a minor update of the model was carried out.
Seventh generation (T210, 1996-2001)
In August 1996, the seventh generation began production with the chassis code «T210». The car was intended only for the Japanese market. The body was only a four-door sedan with a length of 4450 mm, a width of 1695 mm, a height of 1395 mm and a curb weight of 1110 kg. The drive was carried out on the front wheels, but there was an all-wheel drive version.
Gasoline engines were four-cylinder of the following characteristics - 1.5 liters (1498 cm3, 5A-FE, DOHC, 16 valves, 100 hp), 1.6 liters (1587 cm3, 4A-GE, DOHC, 20 valves, turbocharged, 165 hp), 1.8 liters (1762 cm3, 7A-FE, DOHC, 16 valves, 115 hp) and 2.0 liters (1998 cm3, 3S-FE, DOHC, 16 valves, 135 hp). The diesel engine was a 2.0-liter turbocharged (1974 cm3, 2C-T, SOHC) 88 hp. The transmission was a four-speed automatic, as well as a five- or six-speed manual.
In August 1998, minor changes were made to the design. The grille, headlights and taillights were redesigned, and small changes were made to the bumpers. 31 years later, in December 2001, production «Carina» was discontinued.
Toyota Allion and Toyota Premio (2001-present time)
Premio and Allion - compact sedans (C-segment) Japanese made (Toyota Motor Corporation), issued from December 2001 to the present. It is intended for the Japanese domestic market only and is not exported to other countries. The car has replaced «Carina» (see description above), first appeared in 1970. Four-door hardtop coupe «Carina ED» was replaced by «Brevis», produced until 2007. «Premio» and «Allion» mechanically identical to the hatchback «Avensis», which is sold in Japan and also exported to other countries. «Premio» it is a luxurious sedan in terms of finishing, not inferior to «Camry», which is larger and «Allion» it is a simpler and sportier car.
First generation (T240, 2001-2007)
On December 25, 2001, these first generation vehicles were introduced with the chassis code «T240». They share the same interior and engines. «Allion» has folding rear seats, often used for taxis, driving schools and police. The engine was located transversely in front, the drive was mainly on the front wheels, there are models with all-wheel drive. The body is presented only in the form of a four-door sedan with a length of 4565 mm, a width of 1695 mm, a height of 1470 mm and a curb weight of 1170 kg.
Engines installed only four-cylinder gasoline of the following characteristics - 1.5 liters (1497 cm3, 1NZ-FE, 109 hp), 1.8 liters (1794 cm3, 1ZZ-FE, 120 hp) and 2.0 liters (1998 cm3, 1AZ-FSE, 147 hp). Transmission four-speed automatic or stepless variator.
In December 2004, the cars received a minor update. The taillights have been replaced with LEDs.
Second generation (T260, 2007-present time)
In June 2007, the second generation appeared with the chassis code «T260». These machines continued to fill the gap between «Corolla» and «Camry». The body is only a four-door sedan with a front engine and front-wheel drive. There are models with all-wheel drive as an option. The length of the car was 4565 mm, width 1695 mm, height 1475 mm and curb weight 1440 kg, that is, the external dimensions did not change, but the mass became significantly larger. Production was carried out only in Japan for the domestic market.
Engines were installed only gasoline four-cylinder 1.5-liter (1497 cm3, 1NZ-FE, 109 hp), 1.8 liters (1798 cm3, 2ZR-FE, 125/136 hp) and 2.0 liters (1987 cm3, 3ZR-FAE, 158 hp). As a transmission, only a continuously variable variator was installed (CVT).
The first update of the model was carried out in April 2010, changing the headlights, and dual LED lights were installed at the rear. In June 2016, the second update was carried out. LED headlights were installed in front, as well as a collision avoidance system «Toyota Safety Sense C».