If the starter does not work when turned on, the following reasons are possible:
- the battery is faulty;
- open electrical circuit between the ignition switch (lock), traction relay, battery and starter;
- the traction relay is faulty;
- mechanical or electrical defect of the starter.
To check the battery, turn on the headlights. If their light dims after a few seconds, the battery is low. Recharge or replace the battery. If the headlights do not dim, turn on the starter and observe the light. If their light dims, the starter is faulty. If the headlights continue to burn brightly (and there is no click from the starter relay), then the electrical circuit is damaged or the traction relay is faulty. If the starter rotor rotates slowly, and the battery is in good condition and charged, then the starter is faulty or there is a break in the starter electrical circuit.
To identify damage in the electrical circuit, disconnect the battery and clean all connections and contacts in the starter power circuit. Reconnect the battery and use a voltmeter to check the voltage across the electrical circuit elements up to the starter.
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If the battery is good and the electrical circuit is not damaged, remove the power wire from the traction relay and connect a voltmeter to it. Turn the ignition key to the "start" position. The voltmeter should now show battery voltage.
The traction relay contacts can be checked by connecting a voltmeter between the traction relay contact connected to the starter and ground. When the key is turned to the "engine start" position, the voltmeter should indicate voltage. If there is no voltage, the traction relay is faulty or its contacts are burnt.
If the electrical circuit and traction relay are in good working order, then the starter is faulty.
Caution: Observe the following precautions when operating the engine starting system:
- - Start the engine with the starter for no more than 15 seconds. If the engine does not start, try to restart it no earlier than after 2 minutes;
- - the starter is connected directly to the battery and can therefore damage it if overloaded or short-circuited in the starter;
- - Before carrying out work on the electrical circuit and components of the starting system, disconnect the ground wire from the battery.