- A) Make sure that the wire clamps on the battery terminals are clean and secure.
- b) Check the condition of the battery wires (see paragraph 4). Replace any faulty battery wires with new ones.
- V) Check Battery Status (see paragraph 3). If it fails all tests, replace it
- G) Check wiring and starter solenoid connections. Talk to «Wiring diagrams» at the end of chapter 12.
- d) Check up reliability of an inhaling of bolts of fastening of a starter.
- e) Check fusible link (see chapter 12). If it is burned out, find out the cause and repair the electrical circuit.
- and) Check the operation of the park/neutral position switch. Make sure the shift lever is in P or N. For information on checking and adjusting the park/neutral switch sensor, refer to chapter 7. When performing electrical circuit checks, refer to «Wiring diagrams» See Chapter 12. In order to supply battery voltage to the starter solenoid, all systems must be working properly.
- h) Check starter relay operation. The starter relay is located in the fuse/relay box in the engine compartment. For a description of the relay test procedure, refer to chapter 12.
2. If the starter does not engage when the ignition switch is turned to the start position, test for battery voltage to the solenoid. This will show if the solenoid is receiving the correct voltage signal from the ignition switch. Connect a test light or voltmeter to the positive terminal of the starter solenoid and read the voltage while an assistant turns the ignition switch to the start position. If there is no voltage, contact «Wiring diagrams» in chapter 12 and check all fuses and relays connected in series with the starting system. If voltage is present but the starter does not operate, remove the starter (see paragraph 13) and test it on the bench (see item 4).
3. If the starter cranks slowly, check the starter crank voltage and battery current. This test should be performed with the starter on the engine. Crank the engine for no more than 10 seconds and observe the battery voltage. It should not drop below 8.0V on manual transmission models or 8.5V on automatic transmission models. Also observe the current strength on the ammeter (pic. 12.3) It must not exceed 400 A or fall below 250 A. If the starter cranking current is not within the specified range, replace the starter with a new one. There are several factors that can affect the ability to crank the starter. The battery must be in good condition and the cold cranking current of the battery must not be less than specified for the particular application. Check the battery specifications carefully. Battery terminals and wires must be clean and free from corrosion. Also, if the temperature is too low, warm up the battery and/or cylinder block before performing the checks.
Pic. 12.3. To use an inductive ammeter, simply hold the ammeter over the positive or negative wire, whichever is easier to access
4. If the starter receives voltage but does not activate, remove it and check the starter assembly with solenoid on the stand (pic. 12.4). Most likely the solenoid is faulty. In some rare cases, the engine may seize. Therefore, before continuing, try to rotate the crankshaft pulley (see chapter 2A or 2B). Having fixed the starter assembly with an electromagnet in a vise on the stand, extend one connecting wire from the negative terminal of the battery to the starter housing. Run another jumper wire from the positive battery terminal to the B+ terminal on the starter. Install start switch, apply battery voltage to solenoid terminal S (10 seconds or less) and see if the solenoid plunger, shift lever and freewheel extend and the pinion gear rotates. If the pinion gear extends but does not rotate, the solenoid is working but the starter is defective. If there is no movement, but the solenoid clicks, the solenoid and/or starter is faulty. If the solenoid plunger extends and the drive gear rotates, the starter/solenoid assembly is working properly.
Pic. 12.4. Starter funnel on the stand