In order to force the engine to increase the amount of air entering the engine, and, consequently, fuel, one or another type of boost is used. On 1KZ-T and 2L-T engines, a turbocharger is installed, which uses exhaust gas energy to force air into the cylinders.
Turbocharger operation.
The exhaust gases, which are still at a rather high temperature, are led to the turbine wheel, causing the wheel to rotate. When the turbine rotates, the gases expand and transfer to the shaft of the unit the excess power consumed to compress the air in the compressor located on a common shaft with the turbine. The rotational speed of the turbocharger shaft varies in the range of 20,000-115,000 rpm, which is accompanied by a characteristic «whistling» turbines.
Gas bypass valve past the turbine. If the pressure of the air supplied by the compressor exceeds the allowable (in terms of engine reliability), exhaust gases are bypassed past the turbine by a special valve with an autonomous drive. The drive is a diaphragm driven by charge air pressure. In this way, feedback control of the boost pressure is carried out.
Warnings
1. Do not turn off the engine immediately after completing a trip. Let the engine idle for one to two minutes to cool the turbine. This will significantly extend the life of the turbocharger.
2. Avoid prolonged operation of the engine at high speeds and sudden acceleration when the engine is cold.
3. If the turbocharger fails prematurely, check:
- Engine oil level and quality.
- Operating conditions of the turbocharger - Pipelines supplying oil to the turbocharger.
4. Be careful when dismantling and installing the turbocharger. Do not carry the unit by the bypass valve actuator rod
5. After dismantling the turbocharger, close the intake and exhaust pipes and oil holes with plastic plugs.
6. Before installing the turbocharger, flush the oil supply pipe.
7. Before installation, clean the attached surfaces of the turbocharger and oil pipes.
8. When replacing fasteners, install only original products.
9. After installing the compressor, pour 20 - 30 cm into the bearing housing3 engine oil, turn the compressor shaft by hand.
10. After changing the compressor, crank the engine with the starter for 20-30 seconds (without engine start) to fill the lubrication system or let the engine idle for at least one minute.
11. Do not operate the engine with the air filter removed. Otherwise, the compressor wheel will fail very quickly.