Cylinder head cover
Pic. 2.59. cylinder head cover
To improve maintainability, the oil filler cap is located closer to the front of the vehicle.
Cylinder head
Pic. 2.60. cylinder head
The cylinder head is made of aluminum alloy.
In order to improve engine performance and reduce exhaust emissions, the injectors are located in the center of the combustion chambers.
To ensure reliable starting, the glow plugs are located between the cylinder intake ports.
Cylinder head gasket
Pic. 2.61. Cylinder head gasket
The engine uses a three-layer cylinder head gasket with steel reinforcement.
Maintenance recommendation
Pic. 2.62. Cylinder head gasket marking
Depending on the size of the pistons protruding from the cylinders, 5 thicknesses of the new cylinder head gasket are provided, the gaskets are indicated by the marking «A», «IN», «WITH», «D» or «E» (pic. 2.62).
Cylinder block
Pic. 2.63. Cylinder block
The sleeveless cylinder block is made of alloyed cast iron.
To reduce vibration levels, increase structural strength and reduce weight, the rear of the cylinder block has a frame structure.
Optimum structural strength is ensured by the use of stiffeners and a good choice of wall thickness.
The power of the cooling system is increased by increasing the flow area of the thermostat channels and reducing the resistance to the flow of the coolant due to this.
Piston, piston pin and piston ring
Pic. 2.64. Piston and piston rings
The design of the piston and combustion chamber is adapted to use direct fuel injection.
To reduce the operating temperature, the piston has a cooling channel.
To improve wear resistance, the top piston ring groove has a Niresist alloy insert.
To reduce friction losses, a polymer coating is applied to the piston skirt.
A floating piston pin design is used.
Connecting rod
The connecting rods are made of special carbon steel, as they must withstand the high loads that occur in a direct injection engine with a high compression ratio.
Crankshaft
Pic. 2.65. Crankshaft
The forged crankshaft is supported by 5 main journals, has 4 connecting rod journals and 8 counterweights.
To increase strength and reliability, the main and connecting rod journals are hardened by induction currents.
Crankshaft pulley
Pic. 2.66. crankshaft pulley
To reduce the level of vibration and noise, a crankshaft pulley with a torsional vibration damper was used.