Electronic fuel injection system for cars 1988-92
1. Fuel pressure regulator; 2. Vacuum regulator valve; 3. Vacuum recirculation valve; 4. Modulating recirculation valve; 5. Main recirculation valve; 6. Gas temperature sensor of the recirculation system; 7. Starting nozzle; 8. Ignition distributor; 9. Coil; 10. Electronic ignition unit; 11. Starter; 12. Conditioner; 13. Battery; 14. Control lamp for engine diagnostics; 15. Blocking switch; 16. Sensor for turning on the front drive axle; 17. Speed sensor; 18. Output of the diagnostic connector TE1; 19. To the ignition lock; 20. Oxygen sensor; 21. Air pump; 22. Air temperature sensor; 23. Flow meter; 24. Buck; 25. Fuel filter; 26. Damper angle sensor; 27. Suppressor of pulsations; 28. Idle speed control valve; 29. Nozzle; 30. Starter injector relay; 31. Contact liquid temperature sensor; 32. Analog liquid temperature sensor
Vehicle electronic fuel injection system since 1993
1. Vacuum valve of impulse air supply system; 2. Modulating recirculation valve; 3. Vacuum recirculation valve; 4. Main recirculation valve; 5. Pneumatic shock absorber; 6. Vacuum pressure regulator valve; 7. Fuel filter; 8. Damper angle sensor; 9. Flow meter; 10. Air temperature sensor in the suction manifold; 11. Air filter; 12. Tank with an absorber; 13. Vacuum distributor; 14. Vacuum valve for control system; 15. Ignition distributor; 16. Silencer; 17. Buck; 18. Fuel pump resistor; 19. Relay for turning on the fuel pump; 20. Oxygen sensor; 21. Converter; 22. Ignition block; 23. Gas temperature sensor in the intake manifold; 24. Blocking switch; 25. Brake signal switch; 26. Battery; 27. DLC1 switch; 28. Starter; 29. Conditioner; 30. Speed sensor; 31. Main injection relay; 32. Fuel pump circuit relay; 33. To the ignition lock; 34. Nozzle; 35. Knock sensor; 36. Thermal vacuum distribution valve
Vehicles equipped with an electronic fuel injection system (EFI system), which includes three subsystems - the fuel supply system, the air intake system and the electronic control system.
Fuel system
The fuel pump, located in the tank, supplies fuel at a constant pressure to the distributor, from which the fuel is evenly distributed to the injectors. From the distributor, fuel is supplied to the inlet channels of the cylinders through the nozzles. The amount of injected fuel is controlled with high precision by an electronic control unit (ECM block). The fuel pressure regulator ensures that the fuel pressure changes in accordance with the negative pressure on the intake manifold. The fuel filter is mounted between the fuel pump and the fuel distributor and is designed to clean gasoline and protect the injection system units from failure.
Air intake system
The air intake system consists of an air filter, a throttle body and a duct connecting these two units. Air temperature sensor (IAT. sensor) monitors the intake air temperature. The signal from the sensor is sent to the electronic control unit, which provides the dosage of injected fuel in accordance with the air temperature. The throttle is controlled by the driver. As the throttle valve opens, the speed of the incoming air increases, which leads to a decrease in its temperature. The sensor registers the change in air temperature and sends a signal to the ECM, which in turn increases the dose of injected fuel.
Electronic control system
Electronic fuel injection and other systems are controlled by the ECM. The ECM contains a microprocessor. The unit receives signals from a number of sensors that monitor parameters such as air temperature at the inlet to the cylinders, throttle angle, coolant temperature, engine speed, vehicle speed and oxygen content in the exhaust gases. Based on these data, the control unit determines the duration of fuel injection, which ensures that the optimum ratio of gasoline and air in the combustible mixture is maintained. Some of these sensors and related relays actuated by the control unit are related to the emission control system and are not part of the electronic fuel injection system.