Pic. 7.33. Comparative block diagram of a conventional starter and a starter with a planetary gear
PS starter is installed on Camry cars (electric motor with planetary gear see fig. 7.33). Since the PS starter has a square conductor armature, its surface is used as a collector, which increases the starter's torque and reduces its overall length. The performance normally achieved by using multiple turns of round wire can be achieved in a planetary geared starter without adding weight. Instead of the field winding used in a conventional starter, the PS starter uses two types of permanent magnets: main magnets and interpole magnets. The magnets are placed in such a way as to increase the magnetic flux and shorten the length of the yoke.
Checking the starter motor without removing it from the car
If the starter motor does not turn when the key is turned in the ignition switch, on vehicles with an automatic transmission, make sure the selector lever is in the «parking» or «neutral».
Make sure the battery is charged and check that the wires are securely fastened to the battery terminals and to the starter traction relay.
If, when the key is turned in the ignition switch, the starter motor does not rotate, but the traction relay clicks when the battery is fully charged, then the relay contacts or the starter motor are faulty.
If, when the key is turned in the ignition switch, the clicks of the traction relay are not heard, it means that the traction relay is faulty or an open circuit has occurred in the electrical circuit of the relay.
If the starter motor turns slowly, check the voltage supply to the starter, which should be at least 12.0 V.
If the starter supply voltage is normal and the electric motor does not rotate, remove the starter assembly with the traction relay for disassembly, inspection, repair or replacement.