The voltage regulator is designed to maintain the generator voltage at a given level. When the voltage at the generator output increases sharply, the regulator prevents current surges and overloads in the power supply circuit.
Periodic maintenance of the charging system is generally not required. However, the alternator drive belt, battery and connecting cables should be inspected periodically.
The charge indicator lamp on the instrument panel lights up when the ignition is turned on and goes out after the engine starts. If the lamp does not go out after the engine starts, then the charging circuit is faulty. Some cars are equipped with a voltmeter. If the voltmeter shows very high or very low voltage, then the charging circuit needs to be checked.
Caution: Always observe the correct polarity when connecting the battery to the generator.
Attention! Before repairing any part of the car with electric welding, disconnect the wires from the generator and battery.
Warning! Do not start the engine when the charger is connected.
Warning! The generator is connected directly to the battery, so if the generator terminals are shorted or if it is overloaded, an arc may form and cause a fire.
Examination
If the battery charging circuit is faulty, perform the following checks before concluding that the generator is faulty.
1. Check the battery condition, the condition and reliability of the wires and connectors.
2. Check the condition and tension of the alternator belt. If signs of wear are detected, replace the belt.
3. Check the generator bolts for tightness.
4. Start the engine and check the sound made by the generator.
5. Check the fuse links, if you find burnt fuse links, find out the cause and fix it.
6. Check the battery voltage with the engine off, it should be around 12.5V.
7. Connect the ammeter and voltmeter, start the engine and check the voltage, which should be from 13.5 to 15 V at a current of no more than 10 A.
8. Turn on the high beam headlights, air conditioning and heater. When the charging system is operating normally, the voltage should be at least 13.5 V at a current of about 30 A.
9. If the voltage is higher than 15 V, replace the voltage regulator.
10. If the voltage is below normal, connect terminal F to ground and start the engine.
11. If the voltage is normal, replace the voltage regulator. If the voltage is still low, the alternator is faulty.